CONDITION
Cherry Eye
Why this matters now
Cherry eye most commonly occurs in puppies and young dogs under two years of age, though it can develop at any age. Certain breeds are strongly predisposed, including Bulldogs, Cocker Spaniels, Beagles, Shih Tzus, and other brachycephalic or hound breeds. When it occurs in one eye, there is an increased likelihood of the other eye being affected subsequently.
The condition typically appears suddenly as a pink or red mass emerging from the inner corner of the eye. Initially, the prolapsed gland may appear intermittently before becoming permanent. Without repositioning, the exposed gland tissue becomes irritated and swollen, potentially leading to secondary conjunctivitis and reduced tear production. The gland cannot return to its normal position spontaneously once fully prolapsed.
Signals & patterns
Early signals
Intermittent pink mass at inner eye corner
The prolapsed gland may initially pop in and out, particularly visible when the dog wakes or is relaxed.
Increased eye watering
Early prolapse may cause reflex tearing as the eye responds to the abnormal tissue position.
Mild rubbing at the affected eye
Some discomfort or awareness of the abnormal tissue may prompt occasional pawing.
Slight redness at the inner eye corner
Before full prolapse, mild inflammation may be visible where the gland is beginning to protrude.
Later signals
Permanently visible red or pink mass
The prolapsed gland remains visible as a smooth, rounded mass at the inner corner of the eye.
Swollen, inflamed appearance of the mass
The exposed gland tissue becomes progressively swollen and congested due to poor drainage.
Mucoid discharge from the affected eye
Secondary conjunctivitis and disrupted tear production may cause thickened discharge.
Dry eye signs developing
If the prolapsed gland function is compromised, symptoms of reduced tear production may emerge over time.
Click to read about the biological mechanisms
How this is usually investigated
Diagnosis is typically straightforward based on the characteristic appearance. Further assessment determines whether the condition has affected tear production or caused secondary problems.
Visual examination
Schirmer tear test
Fluorescein staining
Assessment of the other eye
Options & trade-offs
Surgical repositioning is the standard approach to preserve gland function. Various techniques exist, and removal of the gland is generally avoided.
Pocket technique (mucosal pocket)
The gland is repositioned into a surgically created pocket in the conjunctiva.
Trade-offs: Widely used with good success rates. Preserves gland function. Recurrence can occur, requiring revision surgery.
Anchoring technique
The gland is sutured to deeper orbital structures to prevent re-prolapse.
Trade-offs: Various anchoring points described. May be combined with pocket techniques. Risk of suture-related complications.
Morgan pocket modification
A single-incision pocket technique that may reduce surgical time.
Trade-offs: Simpler approach that can be effective. Success depends on gland size and surgeon experience.
Gland removal (generally not recommended)
Complete excision of the prolapsed gland.
Trade-offs: Previously common but now avoided when possible due to high risk of subsequent dry eye. Reserved for severely diseased glands or failed multiple repairs.
Medical management whilst awaiting surgery
Lubricating drops to protect the exposed gland and cornea.
Trade-offs: Does not resolve the prolapse but may reduce inflammation. Cannot substitute for surgical correction.
Common misconceptions
"The prolapsed gland can be pushed back permanently"
Whilst the gland may temporarily return to position with gentle manipulation, it will re-prolapse without surgical repair of the weakened attachments.
"Cherry eye is just a cosmetic problem"
The nictitans gland produces a substantial portion of tear fluid. Untreated prolapse or gland removal risks significant dry eye development.
"Removing the gland is a simple solution"
Gland removal leads to reduced tear production in many cases, requiring lifelong management for dry eye. Repositioning surgery is strongly preferred.
When a pink mass appears at a dog's inner eye corner, prompt assessment can help determine appropriate management. Noting whether the mass appeared suddenly or gradually, and whether it was initially intermittent, provides useful history. Owners of predisposed breeds might benefit from awareness that this condition commonly affects both eyes, sometimes months or years apart.
Last reviewed: 24 April 2026 · Dr Alastair Greenway MRCVS